How to use 〜ざるを得ない (zaru o enai): A Streetwise JLPT N2 Grammar Guide

Prison cell

仲間なかまつかまった。くちわれまえに、かれを「処理しょり」せざるをなかった。
Our guy got caught. Before he could talk, we had no choice but to “handle” him.

Category: ,


Read the explanation below to understand the nuance of how this grammar structure is used.

This is that “gun to your head, spit a Birdman verse” grammar. You do not want to do it. You hate the very idea of it. But the situation, the boss, or the cops are forcing you to act. It’s all about reluctance.

Common Situation: You find out your boy is a snitch. You love him, he’s family. But the code is the code. You really don’t wanna do it, but you “Have no choice but to” take him out (処理しょりせざるをない). It’s a heavy, reluctant decision.

Metaphor: This is like paying your taxes. Nobody wants to do it. You hate seeing that money go. But if you don’t, the feds will be at your door. The situation forces you. Have no choice but to pay” (はらわざるをない).


Grammar Conjugation Guide.

Read the table below then use it to conjugate some words you know.

Here’s the build. This one’s got a classic, old-school flavor.

TypeFormulaExampleTranslation
V-Groups 1, 2, 3V (ない-stem) + ざるをないまざるをないHave no choice but to drink.
Exception: するせざるをない降伏ごうぶくせざるをないHave no choice but to surrender.
Exception: くるざるをないざるをないHave no choice but to come.

Pay attention. You take the Nai-stem of the verb (like yomu -> yomanai -> yoma). Then you add ざるを得ない. The big one to remember is する. It’s irregular. It becomes せざるを得ない. Don’t mess that up.


Example sentences with audio.

Listen to and repeat the sentences below.

Here’s what it sounds like when your back’s against the wall.

アニキの命令めいれいだ。やりたくないが、あのおとこを「し」にかざるをない。
I don’t want to, but I have no choice but to go “erase” that man.

てきおれたちのシマにはいってきた。戦争せんそうはじめざるをない。 The enemy has entered our turf. We have no choice but to start a war.

警察けいさつにバレた。この「ブツ」は全部ぜんぶうみてざるをない。The cops are onto us. We have no choice but to dump all this “product” in the ocean.

刑務所けいむしょではナメられたらわりだ。毎日まいにちからだきたえざるをない。
In prison, it’s over if they think you’re weak. You have no choice but to train your body every day.

かねそこをついた。ファミリーをわすため、強盗ごうとう計画けいかくせざるをない。
To feed the family, I have no choice but to plan a robbery.

ライバルがおれのタグに上書うわがきしやがった。今夜こんややつかべ爆破ばくはせざるをない。
A rival painted over my tag. Tonight, I have no choice but to blow up his wall.


証拠しょうこ
にぎられ、おれはあのクソ野郎やろう命令めいれいかざるをない。
He’s got evidence on me. I have no choice but to obey that bastard’s orders.

アニキは間違まちがっている。だが、ファミリーの一員いちいんとして、したがわざるをない。
The boss is wrong. But as a member of the family, I have no choice but to follow.

毎晩まいばんてきのクルーが近所きんじょをうろつく。シマをまもるため、見張みはりにたざるをない。
Every night, the enemy crew cruises the neighborhood. To protect the turf, I have no choice but to stand watch.

警察けいさつわれている。この自慢じまんのローライダーをてざるをない。
The cops are on my tail. I have no choice but to abandon this lowrider I’m so proud of.


Stay dangerous.

    One response to “How to use 〜ざるを得ない (zaru o enai): A Streetwise JLPT N2 Grammar Guide”

    1. […] point ざる is the classical version of ない. In the N2 level, you usually see it in the form ~ざるを得ない (zaru o enai), which means you “can’t help but do something” or you “got no […]

      Like

    Leave a comment